Curious Civil Engineer

Various Methods Used in Constructing Cast In-Situ Piles The general concept of cast in-situ pile construction remains the same across various methods, with minor differences. Bored pile diameters typically range from 600 mm to 3000 mm, with depths reaching up to 70 m. This provides designers with significant flexibility to customize foundation designs according to site conditions and optimize costs for an economical solution. construction management: concrete construction bridge construction:How to become a bridge engineer cast in-situ piles method of construction: Casing Installation The depth of casing varies based on site conditions and soil properties. In the presence of loose soil, the casing length should be increased. The use of bentonite can help prevent soil collapse, reducing the required casing length. The primary function of the casing is to prevent soil collapse in loose soil conditions or when soil-supporting liquids are absent. It also allows land s...

Purpose of Non-Working Piles Non-working piles are constructed at the beginning of the project to evaluate soil bearing capacity and determine the maximum settlement. These piles are loaded up to twice the working load. Based on the test results, the pile length may be adjusted. If the measured settlement exceeds the allowable limit, the pile length will be increased accordingly. construction management: concrete construction bridge construction:How to become a bridge engineer Static Compression Load Test The static compression load test provides insight into how the pile responds to loading. Settlement is measured at different load increments to determine the appropriate pile design length. The maximum applied load is typically twice the working load (2 × working load) or as specified by local standards. The following steps outline the testing procedure: A. Steel Cage Preparation The steel reinforcement cage is prepared in accordance with the approved shop drawings. ...

Purpose of Soil Investigation The design of a structure’s foundation requires a thorough understanding of the soil’s chemical and physical properties, as well as its geotechnical parameters. This information is obtained through an investigation of both surface and subsurface soil strata. Boreholes are strategically selected to collect samples that represent various soil conditions relevant to the structure’s foundation. construction management: concrete construction bridge construction:How to become a bridge engineer Figure 1   Sampling The choice of sampling method depends on soil conditions. For soft soils, the ASTM D1587-00 method is recommended, which involves using a thin-walled tube for sample collection. For gravel, large cemented soil particles, and hard soil, ASTM D1586-99 is the preferred method, utilizing a split-barrel sampler to obtain samples. All collected samples should be placed in sealed plastic bags to prevent moisture...

  The presence of a reliable road network plays a significant role in the economic growth of any country. Roads are a key factor in the economic development of a nation, facilitating the movement of people and goods. A reliable road network ensures smooth and safe transportation, promoting efficiency in trade and commerce. In contrast, the absence of such infrastructure can delay and hinder the movement of goods, severely impacting economic progress. Global spending on infrastructure projects is projected to increase from approximately   4 t r i l l i o n p e r y e a r i n 2012 t o n e a r l y 9 trillion per year by 2025. This significant rise in investment highlights the critical importance of infrastructure, including road networks, in supporting economic growth. The construction of roads involves various stages before, during, and after the construction process. Poor quality assurance (QA) and quality control (QC) measures during any stage can result in low-quality roads in...

 The ductility test for bitumen is an essential quality control procedure to evaluate the material's ability to stretch under stress without breaking. It determines the bitumen's elasticity and adhesiveness, which are critical properties for its performance in road construction. This test ensures the bitumen used in pavements can withstand temperature variations and traffic loads without cracking or deforming excessively. The test involves heating the bitumen to a pouring consistency and filling it into a standard briquette mould. The mould, containing the bitumen sample, is cooled to room temperature and then placed in a water bath maintained at 27°C. Once prepared, the sample is tested in a ductility testing machine, where it is stretched at a uniform rate of 50 mm per minute until the bitumen thread breaks. The distance it elongates before breaking is recorded as the ductility value, measured in centimeters. A higher ductility value indicates better flexibility and durabilit...

 The penetration test for bitumen determines its consistency by measuring how deep a standard needle penetrates the material under specific conditions of temperature, time, and load. This test, performed at 25°C with a 100-gram weight over 5 seconds, helps classify bitumen into grades like 30/40, 60/70, or 80/100. These grades indicate the hardness or softness of the bitumen, which is critical for its application in road construction and other industrial uses. During the test, the bitumen sample is heated, poured into a container, and cooled under controlled conditions to ensure uniformity. The sample is then maintained at a constant temperature in a water bath. When the needle is applied, its penetration depth (measured in tenths of a millimeter) reflects the material's hardness or softness. Softer bitumen with higher penetration values is typically used in colder climates to prevent cracking, while harder grades with lower penetration values are better suited for high temperature...

 This course will discuss several important subjects for road Engineers. This course will discuss mainly the method of designing the structure of a pavement. The design of a pavement structure means determining the layers of a pavement, furthermore, determining the thickness of each layer. The purpose of a structural design of Pavement is to determine the suitable pavement  structure that can sustain the anticipated traffic volume for the design period. In this course, you will learn the design of Pavement by the use of CBR method and AASHTO method. The design of Pavement by the use of AASHTO method will include determining a set of parameters such as ESAL which is a number calculated to represent the traffic carried by the pavement during the design life, also, resilient modules, reliability, standard deviation and other parameters are determined to calculate the structural numbers of different pavement layer. SN is used to determine the thickness of different pavement layers...

  The Udemy course "construction management: concrete construction"  provides a comprehensive overview of concrete construction management. Key topics covered include: Concrete properties and mix design Formwork design and construction Reinforcement placement and detailing Concrete pouring and curing techniques Quality control and testing procedures Project planning and scheduling for concrete works Safety considerations in concrete construction The course is designed for construction professionals looking to expand their knowledge of concrete construction management. No prior training in concrete or material sciences is require.  It join now