Curious Civil Engineer

 This paper briefly reviews the practical side of the construction of a stormwater network. The construction of a stormwater network is a necessity to efficiently drain the rain and prevent the adverse impact on infrastructure and the inhabitants of a specific area. Building an efficients tormwater network must incorporate appropriate design and construction of the network. The construction of a stormwater network is significantly important, and a poor construction process can severely reduce the efficiency of a stormwater network. This paper will focus on the various construction stages of a stormwater network. The purpose of this paper is to provide a comprehensive understanding of stormwater network components and methods of construction. Despite the variance in methods of construction of a stormwater network in different countries, this paper will include rich information about the practical side of stormwater network construction. The investigated case study in this paper will be

   Click here to join This course is designed to expand your knowledge. in this course you will learn almost everything about concrete. Concrete is the most used material in construction worldwide. We can find concrete almost in everything around us. Therefore, we need to understand the properties and behavior of this material and what the reason behind using it intensively in construction. Concrete is a durable and it live for a long time. That's why it is preferred in construction of house and building. In this course, we will study the different ingredients of concrete. Also, I will explain the admixture and how various admixtures can alter concrete properties. Recently the using of pozzolans increased sharply, adding of pozzolans to the concrete mix will enhance concrete properties. We will discuss the different type of pozzolans and their effects on concrete. Also, in this course, you gain knowledge regarding SCC and fiber reinforced concrete. Concrete is very good in compress

 Join from here Join the course   This course designed to expand your practical side of engineering knowledge. This course is concentrating on the construction of roads. Here you will learn how the road constructed. The construction stages such as protection of existing services, clearing the area, future utilities, preparing the road subgrade, then placing different pavement layers such as sub-base, base course, and asphaltic courses. Also, we will discuss the types of asphaltic course and the common defects of asphaltic pavement, such as permanent deformation, fatigue cracking, and low-temperature cracking. Also, I will show a typical cross-section of road and road profiles.  Also, I will explain what the prime coat is, why the prime coat is used, and the proper way of applying, preparing the surface of the pavement layer before applying the prime coat, and the curing time for a prime coat. Tack coat, what is the Tack coat, why the Tack coat used, where the tack coat is used, and the

  In general, the bored piles are casted to a level higher than the required pile cut-off level. Pile cut-off level is usually similar or a little bit higher than the blinding level of a pile cap. the process of constructing a cast-in-situ pile involves the following steps: installation of the temporary casing to prevent the soil collapse during the drilling process and to guide the drilling rig. Drilling the pile to the required level and diameter. Installation of a reinforcement cage. Reinforcement cage vertical bars will be extended above the pile cut-off level to improve the bonding with the pile cap. The casting of concrete usually done with a tremie pipe. Tremie pipe will be lowered to the bottom of the pile, and then the concrete will be poured. Once the casting is completed, the temporary casing will be removed. It is a common practice to cast the concrete above the cut-off level. the concrete casted then removed for the following reasons: during the casting process, the sedime

The shape and texture of aggregates will significantly affect the fresh and hardened concrete properties. The shape and texture of aggregates can impact concrete workability and strength. Figure 1 Aggregates with a rough texture and angular or elongated shape require more water to produce a workable concrete. On other word, using this type of aggregate reduces concrete workability. While the smooth texture and rounded aggregate require less water to create a workable concrete. Angular aggregates required more cement to maintain the same water-cement ratio. However, using satisfactory aggregates for crushed and uncrushed aggregates from the same rock will produce the same strength for the same cement factor.  However, the increase of angularity and roughness of surface for aggregates will result in increasing the bond between concrete and aggregates. Also, it will improve the flexural and compressive strength of concrete. Voids content for compacted fine and coarse aggregate can be used

  If you ever drive on a curved road, you would notice that the cross-slope of the road is larger than other portions of the road, as shown in figure no:1. The cross-slope for curves commonly known as superelevation and it is used to counteract the effect of centrifugal force and stabilize the vehicles moving above the curved road. Driving the vehicles above a curve with a small radius will cause a large centrifugal force, which may cause a considerable lateral force on a vehicle, and it can result in losing the control of the vehicle.   Figure 1 Superelevation is the change in road cross-slope. It can be done by increasing the level of the outer road edge, as shown in figure 1. superelevation and transverse friction will act together to stabilize the vehicle traveling on a curved road. Superelevation will allow a safer movement of vehicles at a higher speed compared to a curved road with no superelevation. Superelevation can be calculated using the following equation. Superelevation=e

The purpose of using steam curing is to increase the rate of gaining strength of casted concrete. As a result, the forms can be removed earlier, and the period of concrete curing will be reduced significantly. Moreover, forms can be utilized to cast new members which save time and money. The principle of steam curing is based on the fact that the increase in actual temperature will result in a high rate of strength gaining. Therefore, steam curing used to accelerate the rate of gaining strength. Steam at atmospheric pressure where the temperature is less than 100 C is wet, so it is considered as a special case of moist curing.  Figure 1 Steam curing used mainly by precast factories to expedite production and reduce the time between casting and shipping a concrete member. Steam curing normally applied in special chambers in which concrete members are shifted there on a conveyer belt. Alternatively, steam curing be applied by portable boxes, these boxes will be placed above concrete memb

  Publish your paper from  here The impact of using Polymer Modified Bitumen in Asphalt mixes Paper Abstract: The economic growth of any country relies on many factors, such as natural resources, technology, manpower, regulations, and infrastructure. Infrastructure is essential for country development. Road networks are part of the infrastructure of any country. The presence of a reliable road network will facilitate the shipping of goods, which will save time and money and contribute to economic growth. A road network is considered reliable when it reduces the journey time, provides the best routes, properly covers a country or area, reduces the delay of public transportation, contributes to economic growth, and ensures a smooth ride. Building a high-quality road pavement that meets the needs of road users and ensures smooth riding requires good planning, design, and construction of the pavement. The construction of durable pavement can be attained through the collaboration of reliabl

 Join from here Join the course   This course designed to expand your practical side of engineering knowledge. This course is concentrating on the construction of roads. Here you will learn how the road constructed. The construction stages such as protection of existing services, clearing the area, future utilities, preparing the road subgrade, then placing different pavement layers such as sub-base, base course, and asphaltic courses. Also, we will discuss the types of asphaltic course and the common defects of asphaltic pavement, such as permanent deformation, fatigue cracking, and low-temperature cracking. Also, I will show a typical cross-section of road and road profiles.  Also, I will explain what the prime coat is, why the prime coat is used, and the proper way of applying, preparing the surface of the pavement layer before applying the prime coat, and the curing time for a prime coat. Tack coat, what is the Tack coat, why the Tack coat used, where the tack coat is used, and the

 concrete workability is a property of concrete determining the ease of mixing, placing and compacting concrete with minimum loss of homogeneity. construction management: concrete construction bridge construction:How to become a bridge engineer Factors affecting workability  W/C: increasing of water-cement ratio will increase concrete workability but it will reduce the strength of the concrete mix. increasing water-cement ration will increase concrete permeability and this will reduce concrete strength and durability. on the other hand, using concrete with little water insufficient to interact with cement particle to cause hydration this will result in strength reduction. W/C usually ranges from 0.35-0.40. size of aggregate: Bigger size of aggregate means lesser surface area. as a result, the amount of water required for wetting the aggregate surface is lesser than the smaller size.and this will result in higher workability for the same water content. the shape of aggregate: aggregate

  the grade of strands shall be G270 with a yield strength of 1650 MPA and ultimate strength of 1860 MPA. Strands shall be protected against corrosion. It shall be cold drawn, stress relieved, low relaxation, uncoated, seven wires and high tensile strength. construction management: concrete construction bridge construction:How to become a bridge engineer Properties 1.Tensile strength: strand shall be tested at the laboratory to verify the tensile strength.  2.Modulus of elasticity: the relation between stress and strain remain linear up to 90% of ultimate strength. We can notice this from the figure below. The value for modulus of elasticity for strands is given by AASTO 5.4.2 for strands equal to 197000 MPA, for bars equal 207000 MPA. 

  Design a one-way slab for the inside of a building using the span, loads, and other data given in  Figure 1. Normal-weight aggregate concrete is specified with a density of 145 pcf. (assuming cover 3/4 in) Figure 1 The minimum thickness for one-way slab simply supported=L/20 using table 1(ACI 9.5.2.1) h=10/20=0.5=6in Table 1 construction management: concrete construction bridge construction:How to become a bridge engineer now we will calculate d=(6-3/4(cover)-1/4(estimated as half diameter of reinforcement) d=5 in  now we will calculate dead load concrete density=145pcf, Usually 5 pcf is added to account for the weight of reinforcement, so 150 pcf is used in calculating the weight of a normal-weight concrete member. dd=(6in*ft/12)*1*150/=75 lb/ft LL=200*(1)=200lb/ft Wu=1.2*75+1.6*200=410 lb/ft maximum moment for simply supported span =(Wu*L^2)/8 =(410*10^2)/8=8/=5,125lb-ft=61,500lb-in now we can calculate  ρ     ρ=(0.85*fc'/fy)*(1- √(1-(2*Rn/0.85*fc')) Rn=Mu/ ( ϕ* b*d^2) Rn=(

  bridge bearing is a critical component, it provides a bridge with flexibility, and it is used to transfer the loads from superstructure to substructure.  construction management: concrete construction bridge construction:How to become a bridge engineer bridge bearing function: Facilitate transfer of vehicular and other environmentally imposed loads from the superstructure to the substructure. Accommodate anticipated movements such as thermal, shrinkage, creep movement. Elastomeric bearings are made of layers of synthetic  chloroprene rubber (CR) or natural rubber (NR). Steel plates are placed between rubber layers, rubber layer will be merged by vulcanization to produce a single pad. The elastomeric bearing will allow for rotation of superstructure. Movement of the superstructure will be accommodated through elastic deformation. Figure 1 Figure 2 Pot bearing consist of a steel pot, the steel pot enclosing an elastomeric disc, the elastomeric disk pressed from the top by a steel plate

Click here to enroll   This course will discuss the design of pile foundations. We will learn the methods of calculating the pile bearing capacity. The bearing capacity for a pile consists of skin and end bearing resistance. Here you will understand how to calculate the skin and end bearing resistance. Also, we will discuss the effects of the pile group on pile individual bearing capacity. We will determine the impact of pile group on individual pile bearing capacity and the amount of reduction of pile bearing capacity. Also, we will discuss the safety factor for pile design and the acceptable ranges for the safety factor. The second part of the course will discuss the type of foundations; in general, we have two types of foundation. Shallow and deep foundations. Here we will concentrate on deep foundations. Deep foundations are classified into driven and cast-in-situ piles. Cast-in-situ piles are constructed at filed by the drilling borehole in the existing ground, then filling the bo

Rebound hammer is a non-destructive test used to examine the hardened concrete. The principle of the rebound test is based on the rebound of a plunger. The plunger of the rebound hammer is pressed against a concrete surface. The hammer mass will be pushed back and secured to a pin. The impact spring is attached to the hammer mass, so it will be extended with the hammer mass. Then the hammer mass is released.finally, the mass will rebound against the concrete surface, as shown in figure no:1. The surface hardness and compressive strength will be correlated with the rebound of the spring controlled mass.  Figure 1 Figure 2 A rebound hammer can be used to evaluate the compressive strength of a concrete member, quality of concrete, and uniformity of concrete. The approximate impact energy required for the rebound of the hammer for different applications is shown in table no:1. Table 1 The procedure of conducting the rebound test will begin by the calibration of the test instrument. The reb